What is the role of state constitutions in federalism?

State constitutions play a crucial role in the federal system by setting limits and frameworks for government powers and rights at the state level. Each state constitution outlines the structure of the state government, delineates the powers and responsibilities of its branches (executive, legislative, and judicial), and guarantees individual rights and liberties for its residents. This framework ensures that the state government operates within a defined scope, aligning with principles of federalism that emphasize the distribution of power between national and state authorities.

By providing a legal foundation and operating principles specific to each state, state constitutions complement the federal constitution and help maintain a balance of authority. They also address issues that are of particular importance to the state's residents, which may not be covered in the federal constitution. Therefore, while the federal government has overarching authority, the state constitutions serve as a vital source of governance and legal structure at the local level.